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Matt Cutts: If You Have Multiple Breadcrumbs, Google Picks the First One
The latest Google Webmaster Help video deals with a topic that comes up periodically: breadcrumbs. How should you handle your breadcrumb navigation if a product or an article belongs in multiple categories and you would like the user to easily go up to the category view for all categories it may be placed in, via a breadcrumb structure?
Many of my items belong to multiple categories on my eCommerce site. Can I place multiple breadcrumbs on a page? Do they confuse Googlebot? Do you properly understand the logical site structure of my site?“If you do breadcrumbs, we will currently pick the first one,” says Matt Cutts. “So I would try to get things in the right category or hierarchy as much as you can.”
This is actually the first time Google has stated that it chooses the first breadcrumb. In their current breadcrumb documentation for rich snippets, it simply states “Pages can have more than one breadcrumb trail.” There is no mention about Google currently using the first one and not using the rest of the breadcrumbs.
"If an item does belong to multiple areas within your hierarchy, it is possible to go ahead and have multiple breadcrumbs on the page, and that can, in some circumstances, help Googlebot understand a little bit more about the site," Cutts said. "Don’t worry about it if it only fits in one, or you've only got breadcrumbs for one, that’s the way most people do it, that’s the normal way to do it, and we encourage it."
However, just because a page on your site could technically belong within multiple categories, he does say webmasters don’t need to have multiple categories as part of your breadcrumb hierarchy on a page.
"If you do have the taxonomy, the category, the hierarchy and it’s already there and it’s not like 20 different spots within your categories, if it’s in a few spots, two or three or four, it doesn’t hurt to have those other breadcrumbs on the page, and then we’ll take the first one, that’s our current behavior, and that we might be able to do a little bit of deeper understanding about the overall structure of your site," Cutts said.
Obviously, take care when you are selecting multiple breadcrumbs for a page, and make sure the most important one is the one must first one listed, since Google will only use the first one. And it is best usability practices to have the good breadcrumb structure, to help a visitor navigate around your site, especially if they land on one of your internal pages.
As
enterprises are increasingly adopting technologies like cloud and
mobility, they are also facing more security challenges. ET SPECIAL:
Save precious time tracking your investments.
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According
to latest findings from NASA's twin Van Allen Probes, Earth's inner
radiation belt exhibits a curious zebra-striped pattern.
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Ryttov
referred to the theories that have been put forward over the last five
years for the existence of particles in the universe that are smaller
than the Higgs particle.
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Giant 3D printer starts spitting out a house
Forget machine parts and iPhone cases, the Dutch are thinking much bigger by using a 20-foot-tall 3D printer to create whole rooms that can be assembled into unique, customized houses.
A nighttime view of The KamerMaker, or "room builder," a 20-foot high 3D printer that's helping its owners construct a completely 3D-printed home in Amsterdam.
(Credit: Dus Architects)
Till now, 3D printing has been used to create relatively small items -- everything from iPhone cases to prosthetic fingers to aircraft parts and alien shoes. But none of those projects are a match for the full-size house Dutch architects have begun building in Amsterdam using a 20-foot-tall 3D printer.
A 3D-printed piece of the canal house on the project's opening weekend. (Click to enlarge.)
(Credit: Dus Architects)
The project, known simply as the "3D Print Canal House," uses a super-sized version of the popular in-home 3D printer made by Ultimaker. Dutch architectural firm Dus commissioned the machine when it decided to take the scale-model rooms it was already 3D-printing and turn them into the real thing.
"We bought a container from the Internet and we transformed it into one of the biggest printers on this planet," said Dus co-founder Hans Vermeule in a video (below) about the project.
The printer is called KamerMaker, which means "room builder," and that's exactly what it does -- construct a series of rooms that can be basically snapped together to form an entire house.
Thus far, the printer has produced a corner of the house with a partial staircase attached. The piece weighed about 400 pounds. The building blocks that are currently being produced, and take about a week each to print, have a honeycombed internal structure that will eventually be filled with a foam that reaches a concrete-like hardness, lending support and weight to the finished house, according to an Associated Press report.
The architects see multiple benefits to 3D-printing a house, aside from the possibilities of near-limitless customization. "For the first time in history, over half of the world's population is living in cities," Vermeulen said. "We need a rapid building technique to keep up the pace with the growth of the megacities. And we think 3D printing can be that technique."
Hedwig Heinsman, another of Dus' co-founders, adds that there are environmental benefits to be gained as well. "We can recycle waste materials into useable materials, and eliminate the transportation costs of moving building materials," she said.
The home-building site is currently open to the public, which can see the printer in action for €2.50 (about $3.50). The entire house will take about three years to finish and will be opened as design museum when it is done. I think they should fill it with nothing but 3D-printed furniturewhen it's ready!
The Earth's zebraprint jacket: Nasa discovers new giant striped structure in the planet's radiation belt
- Electrons in the inner radiation belt display giant zebra pattern
- Stripes caused by the rotation of the Earth
Scientists have uncovered a mysterious structure that surround the earth rather like a giant zebraprint jacket.
The strange structure has never been seen before, and initially baffled scientists.
Stripes extend through the inner radiation belt, moving as the Earth rotates.
Scroll down for video
The stripes that surround Earth: Two giant belts of radiation surround Earth. The inner belt is dominated by electrons and the outer one by protons.
RADIATION BELTS
The radiation belts are dynamic doughnut-shaped regions around our planet, extending high above the atmosphere, made up of high-energy particles, both electrons and charged particles called ions, which are trapped by Earth's magnetic field.
Radiation levels across the belts are affected by solar activity that causes energy and particles to flow into near-Earth space.
Scientists discovered the new, persistent structure in one of two radiation belts surrounding Earth.
NASA's twin Van Allen Probes spacecraft spotted the pattern, which that resembles slanted zebra stripes.
The structure is produced by the slow rotation of Earth, previously considered incapable of affecting the motion of radiation belt particles, which have velocities approaching the speed of light.
Scientists had previously believed that increased solar wind activity was the primary force behind any structures in our planet's radiation belts.
However, these zebra stripes were shown to be visible even during low solar wind activity, which prompted a new search for how they were generated.
'It is because of the unprecedented resolution of our energetic particle experiment, RBSPICE, that we now understand that the inner belt electrons are, in fact, always organized in zebra patterns,' said Aleksandr Ukhorskiy, lead author of the paper at The Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, or APL, in Laurel.
if you consider and accept that all Space before the big bang is made up of anti matter with Zero point energy, therefore because there in no movement in this fermament it is logical to assume Time as a consept dont nor ever will exist in anti matter. what protects us from this anti matter is the speed we are moveing through it from the big bang,this could explain why light is a constant ,it could explain why elements have a resonance in spectroscopty ,it could even explain why black holes form ? that is matter that has slowed down enough to interact with the anti matter as in a star that has gone nova some of its material would explode in a backward direction once anti matter latches on to its reduced speed, a black hole forms . absolute Zero temprature can only exists in anti matter becase nothing moves. it could even be the reason why these bubbles in this article are forming around our planet Or do you think all this is a bit far fetched.
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2585721/The-mysterious-Zebra-stripes-surround-Earth-Nasa-discovers-new-structure-radiation-belt.html#ixzz2wbu2Pwo8
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Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2585721/The-mysterious-Zebra-stripes-surround-Earth-Nasa-discovers-new-structure-radiation-belt.html#ixzz2wbtkI2Jf
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WWLLN
World Wide Lightning Location Network (wwlln.net)
SYSTEM MESSAGE:
ANNOUNCING our new WWLLN WEBSITE:
wwlln.net/new where you will find amazing an amazing new visualization of global lightning
(which works on modern versions of Firefox, Google Chrome and IE 11 or higher.)
USEFUL LINKS:
WWLLN backup webserver http://dudwlln.otago.ac.nz/
Global Lightning Climatology with amazing movies!.
Volcano global monitor Explosive Ash Cloud Monitor, updated every minute.
and most importantly: WWLLN Publications: peer reviewed publications.
Google Earth overlay for 1 hour of global data ending 6 hours ago is found HERE .
World Wide Lightning Location Network (wwlln.net)
SYSTEM MESSAGE:
ANNOUNCING our new WWLLN WEBSITE:
wwlln.net/new where you will find amazing an amazing new visualization of global lightning
(which works on modern versions of Firefox, Google Chrome and IE 11 or higher.)
USEFUL LINKS:
WWLLN backup webserver http://dudwlln.otago.ac.nz/
Global Lightning Climatology with amazing movies!.
Volcano global monitor Explosive Ash Cloud Monitor, updated every minute.
and most importantly: WWLLN Publications: peer reviewed publications.
Google Earth overlay for 1 hour of global data ending 6 hours ago is found HERE .
Contact Prof. Holzworth at bobholz@washington.edu , Director of WWLLN, with any questions you may have.
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- click on image to get a bigger version -
(Notes: cloud data thanks to National Weather Service/Aviation Weather Center; blue overlay dots are WWLLN Lightning; Red circles are WWLLN receivers; Red line is the terminator)
(Notes: cloud data thanks to National Weather Service/Aviation Weather Center; blue overlay dots are WWLLN Lightning; Red circles are WWLLN receivers; Red line is the terminator)
University of Washington in Seattle operating a network of lightning location
sensors at VLF (3-30 kHz). Most
ground-based observations in the VLF band are dominated by impulsive signals
from lightning discharges called “sferics”.
Significant radiated electromagnetic power exists from a few hertz to several
hundred megahertz, with the bulk of the energy radiated at VLF.
With our network of sferic sensors we are producing regular maps of lightning activity over the entire Earth. Our map showing the entire world uses coloured spots to indicate lightning strokes (red stars inside an open circle are active WWLLN lightning sensor locations). Click on the map for explanation.
With our network of sferic sensors we are producing regular maps of lightning activity over the entire Earth. Our map showing the entire world uses coloured spots to indicate lightning strokes (red stars inside an open circle are active WWLLN lightning sensor locations). Click on the map for explanation.
 WWLLN Daily Average Density (click for enlarged Image) (Image includes all WWLLN data for the previous day) |
The
WWLLN Management Team, lead by Prof Robert Holzworth of the University
of Washington produced these data and images with the cooperation of the
universities and institutes which host the stations as listed below.
Wideband VLF spectrograms from all WWLLN stations are available this link or by clicking on the station name below.
We currently have over 50 sensors around the globe to detect sferic activity in the VLF band, listed below in the order of their establishment:
Wideband VLF spectrograms from all WWLLN stations are available this link or by clicking on the station name below.
We currently have over 50 sensors around the globe to detect sferic activity in the VLF band, listed below in the order of their establishment:
University of Otago/Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo (New Zealand)
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Griffith University, Brisbane
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Murdoch University, Perth
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National University of Singapore
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Ōsaka University
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Eotvos Lorand University
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University of Washington
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Massachusetts Institute of
Technology
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Durban and Hermanus and SANAE Base
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University of KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)
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INPE (Brazilian National
Institute for Space Research)
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University of the South Pacific
(Fiji)
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Los Alamos National Laboratory
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Universidad Nacional
Autonoma de Mexico
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Universite de la Polynesie Francaise
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Tel Aviv University
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University of Sheffield
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Portugal Meteorological Institute
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Instituto Geofisico del Peru
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University of Puerto
Rico, Mayaguez
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Universidad Nacional
de Cordoba (Argentina)
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SodankyaGeophysical Observatory, Sodankyla, Finland
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University of Hawaii at Manoa
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British Antarctic Survey
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Cold and Arid Regions
Environmental and Engineering Research Insitute, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
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British Geological Survey and
BAS
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Australian Antarctic Division
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Hermanus Magnetic Observatory and University of KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)
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USGS/Magnetic Observatories (USA)
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Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic
Sciences (USA)
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Center for Geophysical Research
(CIGEFI), University of Costa
Rica (Costa Rica)
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Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical
Research and Aeronomy
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Antarctica New Zealand, Host: U. Otago, Dunedin, NewZealand
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Florida State University, Department of Meteorology
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Manaus
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INPA (Brazilian National Institute for Amazon Research) - LBA Program, Manaus, Brazil
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LaReunion
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Universite de la Reunion, La Reunion Island (Indian Ocean), France
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RioGallegos
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CONICET, RioGallegos, Argentina
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Maitri
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Antarctic station host NCAOR, Goa, India
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Chofu
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Univ. of Electro-Communications, Chofu-city, Tokyo, Japan
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Trelew
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Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia, Trelew, Argentina
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Dakar
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University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar (SENEGAL)
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Nigeria
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Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria
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Houghton
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Michigan Technological University(MTU), Houghton, Michigan
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Maceio
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Instituto de Ciencias Atmosfericas ICAT, Universidade Federal de Alagoas UFAL
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Kamchatka
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Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences
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Valparaiso
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Valparaiso University, Indiana
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Alexandria
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Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-Just), Egypt
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MSSL
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Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Surrey, UK
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Valencia
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University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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http://163.178.48.4/vlf.png
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http://163.178.48.4/vlf.png
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http://163.178.48.4/vlf.png
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http://163.178.48.4/vlf.png
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How it works
We welcome
offers of hosting a new WWLLN sensor to add to the list above. All hosts
receive all the world-wide data for their own research on monthly CDs. In
return, each host provides the computer and meets any local expenses like
power, Internet, and maintenance. However, do not think that a sensor on
your own campus is going to give you lightning location data on its own. Only
the whole network does that.
Each lightning stroke location requires the time of group arrival (TOGA) from a least 5 WWLLN sensors. These sensors may be several thousand km distant from the stroke. The geographical arrangement of the sensors is important: a lightning stroke which is enclosed by sensors is much more accurately located than one which is not so enclosed. Clearly a uniform spacing of sensors around the Earth is the ideal. Since the Earth is round, there are no edges: every lightning stroke is surrounded by sensors, but not necessarily by the sensors which sense it. Typically only about 15 to 30% of strokes detected by one sensor are detected by 5 or more. These strokes are usually the stronger ones. Recent research indicates our detection efficiency for strokes about 30 kA is approximately 30% globally.
To cover the whole world by sensors spaced uniformly about 1000 km apart would require roughly 500 sensors. If spaced 3000 km apart, we would need “only” around 50 to 60 sensors. Presently we have 40 WWLLN sensors, and we are in the process of expanding to 60 sensors within the next year or two.
Each lightning stroke location requires the time of group arrival (TOGA) from a least 5 WWLLN sensors. These sensors may be several thousand km distant from the stroke. The geographical arrangement of the sensors is important: a lightning stroke which is enclosed by sensors is much more accurately located than one which is not so enclosed. Clearly a uniform spacing of sensors around the Earth is the ideal. Since the Earth is round, there are no edges: every lightning stroke is surrounded by sensors, but not necessarily by the sensors which sense it. Typically only about 15 to 30% of strokes detected by one sensor are detected by 5 or more. These strokes are usually the stronger ones. Recent research indicates our detection efficiency for strokes about 30 kA is approximately 30% globally.
To cover the whole world by sensors spaced uniformly about 1000 km apart would require roughly 500 sensors. If spaced 3000 km apart, we would need “only” around 50 to 60 sensors. Presently we have 40 WWLLN sensors, and we are in the process of expanding to 60 sensors within the next year or two.
More information
More information on the World Wide
Lightning Location network (WWLLN) is available from our publication list:
WWLLN Data available
WWLLN Monthly CDs containing all stroke locations over the whole world for 1 month. These are mailed to subscribers each month, or they may opt to download the data weekly. Archival data are available for sale from August 15, 2004 to the present. Our site hosts receive a free monthly subscription.
WWLLN Data are available via internet with cadence every 10 minutes for research purposes from the University of Washington, or with a cadence of as fast as every minute (i.e. in realtime) from our commercial reseller. Contact Prof. Holzworth for more info.
Contact
for
all questions relating to WWLLN:
Prof Robert Holzworth, Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington
Prof Robert Holzworth, Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington
Webpage maintained by:
Craig J Rodger (University of Otago)
Robert Holzworth (University of Washington)
Lightning image thanks to photolib.noaa.gov
Web editing:
Bob Holzworth (bobholz@washington.edu)
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