ISRO

Scaled down test for safe landing of Chandrayaan-2 lander conducted successfully: ISRO

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Friday said it has successfully conducted a scaled-down test for the soft and safe landing of its Chandrayaan-2 lander for India's second Moon mission.
Scaled down test for safe landing of Chandrayaan-2 lander conducted successfully: ISRO
Image Courtesy: Twitter/@isro
BENGALURU: Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Friday said it has successfully conducted a scaled-down test for the soft and safe landing of its Chandrayaan-2 lander for India's second Moon mission.
The moon lander, Vikram, named after the father of Indian space programme Vikram Sarabhai, is crucial to carry out various tests on the moon surface.
"Scaled-down version of Chandrayaan-2 Lander Vikram completed, critical Lander Actuator Performance Test (LAPT) to demonstrate capabilities of navigation, guidance and control system of Vikram for a safe, soft and precise landing on the Moon," ISRO said in a release.
The LAPT test was meant for compensating the effect of earth's gravity as compared to moon's gravity and to match the thrust generation of sea level liquid engines as compared to flight engines, which will operate in vacuum environment, it said.
The module was tied to a crane hook for conducting the test at a special test facility at ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragiri in Tamil Nadu.
It was the third and final test to demonstrate retargeting in a parabolic trajectory.
The LAPT demonstrated the capability of the NGC system of 'Vikram' to meet the mission requirement of safe, soft and precise landing on the lunar surface by steering the module horizontally as well as vertically down to a pre-defined target, the release said.
"With this, all the tests have been completed successfully. This is a major milestone accomplished in Chandrayaan-2 Lander," it said.
ISRO intends to launch Chandrayaan-2 sometime in January next year. The Mission will have an orbiter, lander and a rover.
India's first lunar mission Chandrayaan 1 was successfully launched in October 2008.
Scientists have found frozen water deposits in the darkest and coldest parts of the Moon's polar regions using data from the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft, US space agency NASA said in August.
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A bright moon will illuminate China [1993;Russian Space Mirror Briefly Lit Night]

Explainer: A bright moon will illuminate China's skyline by 2020 to make roads streetlight-free

By Prarthana Mitra. As the cost of urban electrification reaches unsustainable limits, advanced economies all over the world are coming up with the most ...
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Russians to Test Space Mirror As Giant Night Light for Earth - The New ...


https://www.nytimes.com/.../russians-to-test-space-mirror-as-giant-night-light-for-earth.h...
Jan 12, 1993 - But Russian theorists have eagerly proposed solar reflector systems ... After Soviet scientists first proposed launching a demonstration reflector satellite in 1984, the Soviet Academy of ... Please try again later. ... The mirror will orbit at an altitude of about 225 miles, and from Earth will look like a bright star .

Jan 21, 2016 - In 1993, the 65-foot-diameter satellite, called Znamya, briefly lit the Earth like a giant orbiting night light. ... How a Russian Space Mirror Briefly Lit Up the Night ... When the Znamya satellite was deployed the night of February 4, 1993, ... Syromyatnikov spent years trying to replicate Znamya's success, but to ...

Keeping you current

How a Russian Space Mirror Briefly Lit Up the Night

In 1993, the 65-foot-diameter satellite, called Znamya, briefly lit the Earth like a giant orbiting night light

image: https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/P32Xk957KzQC7ijaa0oLUmkBvpc=/800x600/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.smithsonianmag.com/filer/0e/cc/0ecc1771-0dd9-4ca1-af2f-3cb9edaf1450/isslight.jpg
znamya
The Znamya 2 mirror-solar sail, deployed. (QSI/MIR)
By
smithsonian.com

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It may sound like a plan only a supervillain could imagine, but during the 1990s, a group of Russian scientists and engineers devised a gadget that redirected sunlight lost to space back to Earth. Acting like a giant mirror, the device was intended to lengthen daylight hours, provide solar energy for power, and possibly one day power spaceships. And believe it or not, for a brief moment it actually worked, reports Brian Merchant for  Motherboard.
The project to build Znamya or “Banner,” as it was called, began in the late 1980s to test technology that would increase the length of a day with the goal of boosting productivity in farms and cities in the then Soviet Union.
Though this may sound like a nightmarish dystopian fantasy, Znamya’s lead engineer, Vladimir Syromyatnikov, knew his stuff, Merchant writes. Syromyatnikov had a reputation for brilliant engineering when it came to space. He previously worked on the Vostok, the spacecraft that propelled Yuri Gagarin into orbit in 1961. Many of his designs for spacecraft docking mechanisms are still used in the shuttles that fly to the International Space Station.
“He was always thinking. If there was a problem, he always had a sketch pad,” engineer Bruce Bandt, who worked with Syromyatnikov on the Soyuz-Apollo program told Patricia Sullivan for the Washington Post in 2006. “We had our shares of failures and problems in the test [phase]... but it wouldn’t be long, sometimes overnight, before there would be solutions.”
Syromyatnikov might have made his name with docking mechanisms, but in the late 1980s his passion project was developing solar sails that could propel spacecrafts through the stars by riding the stars’ radiation pressure like ship sails in the wind. But Soviet leaders at the time were obsessed with extending the work day to maximize productivity, so Syromyatnikov pitched these solar sails as a means to redirect sunlight back towards the Earth, Merchant writes.
Even after the fall of the Soviet Union, Syromyatnikov continued to work on the project, and in 1993 he got his chance to put Znamya to the test. Funded by a collection of Russian state-owned corporations, Syromyatnikov constructed a 65-foot-wide sheet of mylar that could be unfurled from a central mechanism and launched from the Mir space station, Warren E. Leary wrote for the New York Times at the time.
“During the tests, Russian engineers say the small reflector should cast light equivalent to three to five full moons over an area of Earth measuring about three miles in diameter,” Leary wrote. 
As odd as the idea may seem, the test was successful.
When the Znamya satellite was deployed the night of February 4, 1993, it directed a beam of light about two or three times as bright as the moon and two-and-a-half miles wide down to Earth’s night sky, passing across the Atlantic ocean, over Europe, and into Russia, Leary reported at the time. While observers on the ground only reported seeing a bright pulse as if from a star, astronauts in orbit said they could see and follow a faint light across the sky below. A few days later, the mirror burned up as it reentered the atmosphere.
Syromyatnikov spent years trying to replicate Znamya’s success, but to no avail. The project cost too much money, and a follow-up satellite got caught on one of Mir’s antennae, which ripped the delicate sail and the mission was scrapped. When Syromyatnikov failed to drum up more investors for the project, he went back to working on docking mechanisms until his death in 2006, Merchant writes.

Read more: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-russian-space-mirror-briefly-lit-night-180957894/#1eTMF5f9l8Lm7TIU.99
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Lost Soviet Reflecting Device Rediscovered on the Moon - Space.com


https://www.space.com › Science & Astronomy

Apr 27, 2010 - A long lost light reflector that was left on the surface of the moon by the Soviet Union has been found by a team of physicists, after scientists ...


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Internet 'hits' redefining idea of power - PressReader times-of-india-mumbai

Internet 'hits' redefining idea of power - PressReader


https://www.pressreader.com/india/the-times-of-india-mumbai.../281741270384671
5 hours ago - Internet 'hits' redefining idea of power ... Apart from the heightened risk posed by the idea of air travel and the enormous impact that could occur ...
Oct 8, 2009 - The Power of Prime ... Online communities based around shared ideas and passions are a vital wellspring of information and ... Safe because of their anonymity and your ability to just hit End or Delete when you want out.
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'the other side of the universe'

Record radio waves detected from 'the other side of the universe'

IANS | Oct 11, 2018, 01:44PM IST
Record radio waves detected from 'the other side of the universe'
Canberra, Oct 11: Australian researchers on Thursday said they have detected a record number of radio waves from space, including the closest and fastest one that may help understand the matter between galaxies.

"We've found 20 fast radio bursts in a year, almost doubling the number detected worldwide since they were discovered in 2007," said Ryan Shannon from the Swinburne University of Technology in Victoria.

Shannon led the report on the signals detected with a high-powered telescope in Western Australia, Xinhua news agency reported.

The flashes of radio waves come from all over the sky and last for just milliseconds and while their exact causes are not yet known they are thought to come from the other side of the universe and involve incredible energy, equivalent to the amount released by the sun in 80 years, said the researchers.

The bursts also travel for billions of years and occasionally pass through clouds of gas, said study co-author Dr Jean-Pierre Macquart from Curtin University.
20M views6 months ago
iTunes: http://bit.ly/GreenerGrassApple Google Play: http://bit.ly/GreenGrassGoog FUNnel Merch: http://shopfunnelvision.com ...
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Voyager 2 Is Getting Close to Interstellar Space


Voyager 2 Is Getting Close to Interstellar Space

It's picking up readings similar to Voyager 1 when it made the leap.


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NASA is reporting that the Voyager 2 probe, launched on August 20, 1977, has detected "an increase in cosmic rays that originate outside our solar system." With that data and the fact that Voyager 2 is almost 11 billion miles away from home, scientists assume that it close to leaving the confines of the solar system.
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For the last 11 years, since 2007, Voyager 2 has been traveling towards the outermost layer of what is known as the heliosphere. The heliosphere is a bubble-like region of space that encompasses not only all 8 planets, not only all 8 planets and Pluto, but far beyond as well. The sun's solar wind—plasma—maintains this bubble against the pressures of helium and hydrogen gasses from the Milky Way.
The outermost layer of the heliosphere is known as the heliopause. Beginning last August, Voyager 2's Cosmic Ray Subsystem (CRS), built to detect cosmic rays, noticed a five percent increase in these rays hitting the probe. Speedy particles that originate outside the solar system, they are partially blocked by the heliosphere. The probe is currently traveling through a middle section of the bubble known as the heliosheath. But as Voyager 2 moves towards the heliopause, the cosmic rays it encounters will rise.
For the first time, scientists are able to compare one object's journey through the heliosphere's with another's. Voyager 1 crossed through this territory years ago, in 2012, and its own CRS detected a similar rise in cosmic rays. But scientists are quick to note that every interstellar journey is unique, and that Voyager 2 is traveling towards a different part of the heliopause than Voyager 1.
"We're seeing a change in the environment around Voyager 2, there's no doubt about that," says Voyager Project Scientist Ed Stone, based at Caltech in Pasadena, in a press statement. "We're going to learn a lot in the coming months, but we still don't know when we'll reach the heliopause. We're not there yet -- that's one thing I can say with confidence."
When Voyager 2 does hit the heliopause, it will likely experience what Voyager 1 did—a "termination shock" that comes when solar winds collide with the interstellar medium. And one of the greatest space programs in human history will add one more accomplishment to a very long list of firsts.
Source: NASA

The place where the speed of the solar wind becomes slower than the speed of sound is called the termination shock.



The heliosphere is the bubble-like region of space dominated by the Sun, which extends far .... The termination shock is the point in the heliosphere where the solar wind slows down to subsonic speed (relative to the Sun) because of ...
‎Summary · ‎Structure · ‎Space beyond the ... · ‎Observational methods

May 24, 2005 - Termination Shock: Blowing outward billions of kilometers from the Sun is the solar wind, a thin stream of electrically charged gas. This wind travels at an average speed ranging from 300 to 700 kilometers per second (700,000 - 1,500,000 miles per hour) until it reaches the termination shock.











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Soon, you may be able to share sexy thoughts with friends-emperor has o cloths

Image result for sex on mind


Image result for sex on mind
Thank God now want send some thoughts to "her"😁😁😁😁


Soon, you may be able to share thoughts with friends

People often wonder if it is possible to share thoughts without actually saying or writing. The idea, often dubbed as telepathy, is nothing more than a belief, but ...
NewsBytes

Sharing Thoughts: The Ultimate Intimacy?


What would you do if you could share your most intimate thoughts directly with your lover? That’s not a rhetorical question. That’s not another one of my sexy thought experiments either. It’s a real, honest question that may end up having major implications in the real world.
I like to keep up with technology. I’ve always been interested in what the future holds. However, I’m one of those guys who likes to contemplate how this future technology will impact our sex lives. It’s not just because it makes for some crazy sexy thoughts. As an aspiring erotica/romance writer, it helps give me new ideas. Some have already found their way into my novels, namely “Skin Deep.”
So why does something like sharing thoughts seem so relevant? It’s not like it’s a new idea. Sharing thoughts, or telepathy as some call it, is already a major part of popular culture. From movies like “Inception” to iconic superheroes like Charles Xavier from the X-men, it’s just one of those fun concepts that makes for interesting plots, but doesn’t exactly surprise anyone anymore.

That could change one day though. In fact, that day may come sooner than you think. Brain-to-brain communication, or techno-telepathy if you want to call it that, has been under development for a long time now. It’s not just so we can share our dirtiest fantasies, including those that involve clowns and steel dildos. There are major medical applications to this concept.
Earlier this year, the first major tests in brain-to-brain communication allowed two humans to exchange thoughts, albeit in a very limited fashion, to answer a series of yes-or-no questions. This isn’t David Blaine playing mind games with card tricks. These are ordinary people using extraordinary technology to share thoughts. For those trapped in comas or paralyzed by strokes, this technology is critical.
While I’m all for helping those in comas or those who are paralyzed communicate, I think the larger implications of techno-telepathy are more enticing, especially when applied to our love lives. All technology starts out bulky, expensive, and limited at first. Then, once it matures and people realize it has profitable, non-medical uses, it gets more compact and efficient. It happened with smartphones. It can happen with techno-telepathy.

This technology may still be a ways towards maturing, but it’s no longer something that’s just on the drawing board. This technology has already come out of the womb and is starting to grow. All the incentives are there. It’s just a matter of time and energy.
So going back to my original question, what would you do if it were possible to share your intimate thoughts with another? What kind of thoughts would you share? Would it make you and your partner closer? Would it make them run away in disgust, traumatized that anyone could think about their old history teacher in that sort of way?
Granted, there may be some awkward moments. The entire first half of the movie “What Women Want” explores those moments. However, we humans are capable of overcoming awkwardness. If we can overcome puberty, we can overcome pretty much very kind of awkwardness that doesn’t involve our mothers and the delivery guy.
There’s also a pragmatic element to sharing thoughts with someone. Poor communication is one of the quickest ways to kill a romance that doesn’t involve bankruptcy. Poor communication, or a failure to understand the context of someone’s words, isn’t just damaging to our love lives. It’s basically the plot to half of every episode of every sitcom and romance movie ever made.
It happens so often that we think it’s normal. Two people are in love. They want to build a relationship. They struggle because someone says something that gets taken the wrong way. They can’t be sure what they meant or how they meant it so they get all upset and agitated about it. Hilarity, heartache, and entertainment follow, usually culminating in some big romantic speech by Hugh Grant at the end.

Pretty much all of that crap could be avoided if those involved could just share their thoughts. There would be no ambiguity. There would be no doubt, uncertainty, or reservation.
Imagine a relationship where you knew your partner really loved you. They weren’t trying to get your money. They weren’t trying to impress their parents. They weren’t secretly gay or bisexual. They just really love you and you didn’t have to doubt that. What would that mean for your relationship and others like you?
If we live in a world where we can share our most intimate thoughts, then would that strengthen our romantic bonds? Would that reduce the amount of stagnant, passionless relationships? Would it also necessarily undermine the privacy of our thoughts?
These are all important questions to contemplate, especially for those of the coming generation who already share so much of themselves on social media. Is this the natural evolution of intimacy and romance? Only time will tell. I just hope I can turn it into some sexy stories before then.

Soon, you may be able to share thoughts with friends

02 Oct 2018 | By Shubham Sharma
Soon, you can share thoughts with others
People often wonder if it is possible to share thoughts without actually saying or writing something.
The idea, often dubbed as telepathy, is nothing more than a belief, but thanks to sophisticated brain-interfacing technologies, some engineers have accomplished something eerily similar.
They've created a brain network that lets three individuals share thoughts and play a game of Tetris.
Here are the details.
In context: Soon, you can share thoughts with others

02 Oct 2018Soon, you may be able to share thoughts with friends

❮

Brain interface toolsBrain signal generation, mapping

In order to transmit thoughts from one person to another, the team created a brain-to-brain network -BrainNet - using electroencephalograms (EEG) and Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
EEG maps brain signals, while TMS transmits those signals to the other party. Both tools have already been used for direct two-way interaction, but in this case, the new network scales it up to a group of three.
The experiment conducted via BrainNet

ExperimentThe experiment conducted via BrainNet

To transmit thoughts, the team started the game and connected three individuals, all in separate rooms, on the newly-developed network.
The first two were allowed to see the game, while the third didn't see the bottom half and was required to act on the commands they transmitted.
The senders looked at how the falling block had to be rotated and issued commands.

Signal transmissionBut, how the commands were issued to the receiver?

After seeing how a block had to be adjusted, the senders looked at different LEDs - low frequency for rotation & high frequency for no rotation.
This triggered different intensity of signals in their brains and activated EEG to convert those signals to a message via BrainNet.
BrainNet then transmitted that signal to the receiver.

Signal receptionHow the receiver perceives the signals?

The receiver wore TMS, which helped him perceive the signal. The device uses changing magnetic fields to induce non-lethal electric activity in specific areas of the brain and is used for treating depression.
However, in this case, it was applied in such a way that the receiver got a sensation of light. This signified the block had to be rotated and triggered accurate reaction.

Early daysTechnology still in nascent stage

While the three-way communication is effective, it is imperative to note that the technology is still in a nascent stage and requires added intervention.
However, the work does show that TMS and EEG advancement could eventually lead people to transmit more complex information and at a much faster rate.
Not to mention, the possibility could lead to some privacy concerns as well.



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