Wave your hand, turn any surface into touchscreen



WASHINGTON: Scientists have developed a new technology that can enable you to turn almost any surface into a touchscreen with just a wave of your hand!

Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have demonstrated that touch-based interfaces can be created anywhere almost at will.

Scientists previously have shown that a depth camera system, such as Kinect, can be combined with a projector to turn almost any surface into a touchscreen.

The WorldKit system enables someone to rub the arm of a sofa to "paint" a remote control for TV or swipe a hand across an office door to post calendar from which subsequent users can "pull down" an extended version. These ad hoc interfaces can be moved, modified or deleted with similar gestures, making them highly personalised.

Researchers at the university's Human-Computer Interaction Institute (HCII) used a ceiling-mounted camera and projector to record room geometries, sense hand gestures and project images on desired surfaces.

However, Robert Xiao, an HCII doctoral student, said WorldKit does not require such an elaborate installation. "Depth sensors are getting better and projectors just keep getting smaller," he said.

"We envision an interactive 'light bulb' — a miniaturized device that could be screwed into an ordinary light fixture and pointed or moved to wherever an interface is needed," he said. The system does not require prior calibration, automatically adjusting its sensing and image projection to the orientation of the chosen surface.

Users can summon switches, message boards, indicator lights and a variety of other interface designs from a menu. Ultimately, the WorldKit team anticipates that users will be able to custom design interfaces with gestures.

The findings will be presented at the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, in Paris. Though WorldKit now focuses on interacting with surfaces, the researchers anticipate future work may enable users to interact with the system in free space.

New therapy to end insulin jabs for diabetics


LONDON: Daily insulin shots for diabetics may soon be passe. Scientists have found a solution to control blood sugar and in fact cure diabetes from within the human body. Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI) scientists have discovered a hormone, betatrophin, that increases production of insulin-secreting pancreatic cells 30 times the normal rate.

This has raised hopes that the hormone, secreted by liver and fat cells, will not only drastically improve control of blood sugar levels but actually cure patients suffering from diabetes.

Experts say they have never seen any treatment that causes such an enormous leap in beta cell replication. Publishing their findings in medical journal Cell, scientists said the new beta cells only produce insulin when called for by the body.

This offers the potential for the natural regulation of insulin and a great reduction in the complications associated with diabetes, the leading medical cause of amputations and non-genetic loss of vision.

Lead HSCI researcher Doug Melton carried out the study in mice but said the gene exists in humans too.

"Our idea here is relatively simple. We would provide this hormone, the type 2 diabetic will make more of their own insulin-producing cells, and this will slow down, if not stop, the progression of their diabetes," said Melton

Melton sees betatrophin primarily as a treatment for type 2 diabetes, but believes it might play a role in the treatment of type 1 diabetes as well, perhaps boosting the number of beta cells and slowing the progression of that autoimmune disease when it's first diagnosed.

"We've done the work in mice," Melton said. "But of course we're not interested in curing mice of diabetes, and we now know the gene is a human gene. We've cloned the human gene and, moreover, we know that the hormone exists in human plasma; betatrophin definitely exists in humans."

The team of researchers, which also includes postdoctoral fellow Peng Yi, cautioned that much work remains to be done before it could be used as a treatment in humans.

Diabetes is one of India's biggest health challenges. By 2030, India's diabetes burden is expected to cross the 100 million mark, against 87 million estimated earlier.

A 'switch' that can help burn fat identified


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Researchers have decoded a "toggle switch" in mice which can significantly stimulate fat burning and may help combat obesity. Scientists at the University of Bonn working with Alexander Pfeifer have spent years using animal models to explore how the undesirable white fat can be converted into sought-after brown fat. "In this way, excess pounds may be able to simply be melted away and obesity combated," said Pfeifer. The researchers have now decoded a "microRNA switch" in mice which is important for brown fat cells. Micro-RNAs are located in the genome of cells and very quickly and efficiently regulate gene activity.