Study: Sun Will End Earthly Life in 2.8 Billion Years

Study: Sun Will End Earthly Life in 2.8 Billion Years

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Oct 28, 2013 - The planet will become too hot for even the hardiest microbes. ... Things will get toasty for existing life-forms long before that red giant stage is ... By about 2.8 billion years from now, only hardy communities of ... "Only the hardiest microbes will be able to cope with this, until even ..... 5 Sky Events This Week.


Only 5 billion years until The Milky Way gets gobbled up


Only 5 billion years until The Milky Way gets gobbled up

September 19 at 12:48 PM
Scientists already knew that big galaxies like to chow down on smaller ones -- which is just a cute way of saying that when they collide, the larger galaxy gains the mass of the smaller one.
According to a new study published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, galaxies turn to cannibalism when they get too big to keep growing on their own.
"All galaxies start off small and grow by collecting gas and quite efficiently turning it into stars," Aaron Robotham, a postdoctoral researcher at the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research and head of the study, said in a statement. "Then every now and then they get completely cannibalized by some larger galaxy."
As galaxies grow, they get worse at making new stars -- but they also have stronger gravity, which helps them pull neighbors into the fold. The Milky Way reached this tipping point "recently," in cosmic terms (read: not at all recently) and will now grow mostly by snacking on the little guys. It's been a while since our neighborhood ate another one, but astronomers can still see the signs of former galaxies that we've digested.
But The Milky Way isn't going to be able to outrun Andromeda. In about 5 billion years we'll collide with the nearby galaxy, which contains at least twice as many stars as our own. To Andromeda, we'll be nothing but a cosmic candy bar.
These cannibalistic mergers will continue until the whole universe is made of just a few gigantic galaxies, but that's a long way off -- a destiny we won't reach until the Universe is many times older than it is today.
Rachel Feltman runs The Post's Speaking of Science blog.

Direct Brain-to-Brain Messaging Using Computer Interface Demonstrated

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Soldiers in combat could benefit from the brain-to-brain communication that uses a computer interface to code and encode electric signals.(Reuters)
Scientists have demonstrated brain-to-brain messaging, similar to telepathy, across a distance using a computer interface.
They transmitted the words 'hola' and 'ciao' in binary code from the brain of a person in India to the brains of three people in France, reports ANI.
The team of researchers from Starlab Barcelona, Spain and Axilum Robotics, Strasbourg, France, used internet-linked electroencephalogram (EEG) and robotised transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technologies to transmit the message.
Electrodes attached to a person's scalp recorded electrical currents in the brain as a person was asked to consciously think about an action like moving an arm or leg. The computer interpreted the signal and translated it to a robotic control output. A second human brain was included on the other end of the system.
Four healthy adults participated in the study. One of them was assigned to the brain-computer interface (BCI) branch and was the sender of the words; the other three were assigned to the computer-brain interface (CBI) branch of the experiments and received the messages.
Using EEG, the research team first transmitted the electrical signal accompanying the greetings 'hola' and 'ciao' into the computer, then translated this into binary code and then emailed the results from India to France.
The recipients, blindfolded, received electric pulses from the robotised TMS system in the visual cortex of their brains. This triggered the experience of phosphenes, or seeing flashes of light that are not actually there. The record of these flashes when reported were translated into binary code and translated into the message.