Scientists offer information on 'dark matter'

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Scientists offer information on 'dark matter'

Dark matter is known because of its weak interaction with matter and also as it is difficult to detect.

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By News Nation Bureau   |  Updated On : November 13, 2016 08:46 PM

Scientists offer information on 'dark matter'

New Delhi :   Dark matter is a mystery. The only thing known is that it constitutes 85% of the matter of universe. Now Hungarian and German scientists have discovered some information on a dark matter particle that has been postulated, called the axion.
Scientists have discovered that axions can have mass between 50 and 1500 micro electron volts, that is, some ten billion times lighter than the electron.  This computation has been published in the journal Nature. These calculations were done numerically using a (Bluegen/Q) super computer, JuQueen, housed in the Julich Supercomputer Centre in Germany.
Dark matter is known because of its weak interaction with matter and also as it is difficult to detect. Well rapidly rotating galaxies stand as its indirect proof. These galaxies cannot be held together merely by the gravitational pull of the matter they contain. There has to be an invisible stuff ‘dark matter’ to prevent them from flying apart with the force of their own energies.
Several particles have been hypothesized constituting dark matter- both massive as well as light weight – but none of the experiments have detected any such particle so far, directly.
Axions are particles proposed by extending quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The theory that describes “strong interactions,” the way quarks and gluons bond to form matter particles such as protons, neutrons etc. Though there are experiments to study them (for example: the Axion Dark Matter Experiment, ADMX) , there has been no real control on these until now.
The work sets a mass bound on the axions. And according to this, there should exist ten million such particles for every cubic centimeter of the universe. And also because axions occur in clumps there should be nearly a trillion axions per cubic centimeter in our galaxy, Milky Way.

First Published: Sunday, November 13, 2016 08:37 PM

'Impossible' space engine breaks laws of Physics, but could actually work, says NASA! Zee News  - ‎25 minutes ago‎ Times of India  - ‎Nov 12, 2016‎ Zee News

Reliance Jio’s next big offering could hit DTH/ broadband services

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Reliance Jio’s next big offering could hit DTH and broadband services

Reliance Jio is expected to roll out its direct to home services, which will affect established broadband and DTH players

Written by Nandagopal Rajan | Published:November 12, 2016 10:54 am

Reliance’s upcoming high-speed optical fibre will be pushing speeds up to 1 Gbps (Jio headquarters outside Mumbai) Reliance Jio has already shaken up the telecom industry in India with its Reliance Jio 4G service offerings. However, the company has more up its sleeve. In fact, in a few months the conglomerate will roll out its direct to home services, which have the potential to make life hard for existing broadband players as well as DTH operators.
The service will come in the form of a high-speed optical fibre – pushing speeds up to 1 Gbps. The cables are already laid for most of India and some pilot services are being offered in part of Mumbai. There is no clarity yet on the final hardware offering or the date of full rollout. As far as pricing goes, the company has suggested that it will offer value for the customer like with all its Jio services.

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Customers of the service will get access to high-speed internet, as well as a host of Jio services. The hardware will include a set-top-box, as well as an Android smartbox or Apple TV that will help them control the content and also play games.
The speeds will be unprecedented for the Indian home segment where 16Mbps is considered a luxury. With the Jio fibre offering — if everything goes well — customers will be able to stream and play high-definition games with multiple players. Also, 4K videos will become much more easier to access without any buffer.
However, where Jio could bring in big impact is with JioTV which will offer more than 360 channels, at least 50 of which will be in HD. The offering is differentiated by existing players because of the seven-day catch up option. This content is not saved locally, but on Jio servers and pulled in as per demand. Users will be able to use a voice enabled remote to search by channel, show, category or even by the names of actors.
It is not new for broadband services to offer television channels. MTNL tried IPTV many years ago while Airtel too has a similar service. However, none have been really successful. For households with multiple televisions, a single router will work but with individual set-top-boxes.
Then there is Jio MediaShare, with which the company is promising the ability to locally play content across all your devices from your PC or hard-drive – using the Home Gateway. Jio is also working on solutions to make legacy music systems and televisions smart.
Read- Reliance Jio’s impact still muted, say analysts: Here’s why
Plus, the service wants to push internet-of-things (IOT) as well. It will use smart plugs (already available in the market) to control appliances in a home. The home gateway will also enable better security of home through surveillance with real-time monitoring via cameras, connected doorbells and motion sensors.
Despite the ambitious plans, it might take a few months for the services to be rolled out as Jio wants to go pan-India with whatever services they have. Also at the moment getting the necessary permissions to install the Jio Fibre into residential societies and other private compounds is proving to be the bigger hurdle. However, Jio certainly stands out for being the first to offer, or at least think of, a whole bouquet of services that are linked to the web.