3D printing to tackle pollution

3D printing to tackle pollution: Study

IANS | Apr 4, 2016, 07.35 PM IST

NEW YORK: In a first, a team of US researchers used 3D printing technique to create a handheld sponge-like structure that could help in mitigating pollution. Led by chemistry professor Matthew Hartings from American University, the researchers demonstrated how to use commercial 3D printers to create a structure with active chemistry.

They designed a small sponge-like plastic matrix by dispersing chemically active titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano particles through same filament that are used in the printing process of 3D-printed figures.

New solar-powered organic compound to tackle air and water pollution (Nanowerk News) Nanoscientists at the Univeristy of Alicante have modified a commonly-used compound, titanium dioxide, turning it from white to black to boost its efficiency and make environmental applications a real possibility.

Researcher Elena Serrano at the Universidad de Alicante (University of Alicante, UA) has modified the colour of titanium dioxide from white to black for use as an efficient sterilising agent, removing organic contaminants from air and water.

Black and white titanias. (Image: NANOMOL, University of Alicante)

Cheap to produce and not at all toxic, titanium dioxide (known as titania) has many uses. It is used as a pigment to provide whiteness and opacity to everything from soaps, cosmetics, paints, paper to foods, toothpaste and medicines. It is also widely used as a sunscreen, due to its strong UV light-absorbing capabilities.

It is also an excellent photocatalyst, reacting under ultraviolet light to become a sterilising agent. However, since UV light accounts for just 5% of solar radiation, white titania is relatively inefficient in this role.

In this study, researchers added a common compound present in hair dyes during the preparation of the titanium dioxide to create “black titania”. Since black absorbs a much larger range of the solar spectrum, black titania presents a much more efficient photocatalytic activity in both the UV and visible light ranges.

As such, black titania finds significant uses in water treatment plants and such as pool cleaning. Powered only by sunlight, it is able to break down organic pollutants and purify the water.

It can also be applied to roads, building facades and terraces, where this “black dust” works to remove nitrogen oxide from the atmosphere and improve air quality.

Although similar technologies do already exist, “they generally require the use of noble metals like gold, or are the result of very complicated synthesis procedures, both of which are very expensive. Our black titania is much more efficient and cost-effective to produce, needing only water, alcohol and mild temperatures” (Serrano).

The simple and cost-effective new procedure has been patented by the UA under the title (translated) “Procedure for the in-situ synthesis of functionalised titanias and their uses”. Elena Serrano appears as co-author, alongside the director of the UV’s Molecular Nanotechnology Lab (NANOMOL), Javier García, where the work has been carried out.

Source: Univeristy of Alicante

 

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